NEC 310.16 · Wire ampacity

Wire Ampacity Chart (NEC 310.16)

Allowable ampacity for copper and aluminum building wire at 60°C, 75°C, and 90°C — 14 AWG through 1000 kcmil, straight from NEC Table 310.16.

SizeCu 60°CCu 75°CCu 90°CAl 60°CAl 75°CAl 90°C
14 AWG152025
12 AWG202530152025
10 AWG303540253035
8 AWG405055354045
6 AWG556575405055
4 AWG708595556575
3 AWG85100115657585
2 AWG951151307590100
1 AWG11013014585100115
1/0 AWG125150170100120135
2/0 AWG145175195115135150
3/0 AWG165200225130155175
4/0 AWG195230260150180205
250 kcmil215255290170205230
300 kcmil240285320195230260
350 kcmil260310350210250280
400 kcmil280335380225270305
500 kcmil320380430260310350
600 kcmil350420475285340385
750 kcmil400475535320385435
1000 kcmil455545615375445500

NEC Table 310.16 — based on 30°C (86°F) ambient and ≤3 current-carrying conductors. Apply ambient and conductor-count derating as required, and the 240.4(D) small-conductor limits (14 AWG = 15 A, 12 = 20 A, 10 = 30 A). Verify against the NEC edition adopted in your jurisdiction.

How to use the ampacity table

NEC Table 310.16 is the workhorse for sizing conductors. It gives allowable ampacity by conductor size, material (copper or aluminum), and insulation temperature rating, assuming a 30°C ambient and no more than three current-carrying conductors in the raceway or cable.

Pick the column that matches the lowest temperature rating in the circuit — most commonly the 75°C column for terminations, or 60°C for small equipment. The 90°C column is generally used only as a starting point for derating, not the final number. Then apply ambient-temperature and conductor-count correction factors, and respect the 240.4(D) small-conductor breaker limits.

Sizing conductors is one piece of a job; tracking the install, inspections, and as-builts is another. Field PM keeps your panel schedules, QA/QC, and field documentation together in the job book. Need to check voltage drop on a long run? Use the voltage drop calculator.

FAQ

What is NEC Table 310.16?+

NEC Table 310.16 lists the allowable ampacity of insulated conductors rated up to 2000 V, installed in raceway, cable, or earth, based on an ambient temperature of 30°C (86°F) and no more than three current-carrying conductors. It is the primary table for sizing building wire.

Which temperature column do I use?+

Use the column matching the lowest temperature rating in the circuit — usually the 60°C column for terminations on equipment rated 100 A or less (and #1 AWG and smaller), and the 75°C column for most larger equipment. The 90°C column is generally used only for derating calculations, not final termination ampacity.

Why are 14, 12, and 10 AWG limited?+

NEC 240.4(D) limits overcurrent protection regardless of the higher ampacity values: 14 AWG copper to 15 A, 12 AWG to 20 A, and 10 AWG to 30 A. So even though 14 AWG shows 20–25 A in the table, its breaker is capped at 15 A.

Do I need to derate these values?+

Yes. The table assumes 30°C ambient and three or fewer current-carrying conductors. Higher ambient temperatures (310.15(B)(1)) and four or more conductors in a raceway (310.15(C)(1)) require derating, which reduces the usable ampacity.

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